The World Lung Cancer Day was observed on August 1. Lung cancer, as the name suggests is a type of cancer that originates in the lungs.  Lung cancer has topped the charts as the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide.
Lungs are the organs that participate in gas transfer. They aid oxygen molecules enter and reach the red blood cells, which then carry it via the medium blood, to all the organs and tissues of the body, up to every last living cell. The lungs also expel carbon dioxide from the body when we breathe out. 

The ongoing COVID -19 pandemic has caused respiratory health to take the center stage, and the plight of patients who struggle due to a lack of oxygen is certainly an eye opener to be more vigilant about one’s lung health. If smokers are looking for a sign to quit smoking, now is the time.

Although people who have never smoked can develop lung cancer, smoking is the most common cause. Passive smoking or any other exposure to cigarette smoke increases the risk of lung cancer among many other ailments. Smoking can cause damages to the fragile lining of the lungs, which is designed for air exchange, and when they are exposed to inhaled smoke and other carcinogens, the cells tend to change their nature in order to withstand these new stressors. As chronic exposure occurs, the cells mutate into cancerous cells. Inhaling carcinogenic substances such as asbestos, some types of coal dust and other chemicals too can increase the risk of getting lung cancer.

The challenge is recognizing the initial stages of lung cancer is that it does not show definitive, specific symptoms. A common symptom of lung cancer is prolonged cough. Other symptoms such as coughing up blood, Chest pain, Shortness of breath, and weight loss. It is important to diagnose Lung cancer at its early stages, as lung cancer can spread to other organs. This process is called metastasizing. 

The two major types of lung 
cancers are  
Small Cell Lung Cancer – This is caused almost exclusively by extensive smoking.
Non- small Cell Lung Cancer – This is a common term given for several cancer types including squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma etc.

Regular check-ups and being aware of the changes in one’s body may provide early diagnosis. Smoking or passive smoking are known risk factors and quitting can reduce the risk of lung cancer. If it is difficult to abstain from smoking, you should actively seek different aids to help you quit.

 Those who are working in factories where chemicals are involved,  you may be constantly exposed to carcinogens, hence, it is important to adhere to proper safety and health guidelines to avoid direct contact with these substances. Moreover, maintaining a healthy diet with regular exercises too will greatly aid in reducing the risk of lung cancer and even improve your general health.