Cybercriminals successfully use common exploits, ‘swarm’ tech to attack at speed, scale: Fortinet

Fortinet, the global leader in high-performance cybersecurity solutions, announced the findings of its latest Global Threat Landscape Report. 

The research reveals that high botnet reoccurrence rates and an increase of automated malware demonstrate that cybercriminals are leveraging common exploits combined with automated attack methods at unprecedented speed and scale. 

Highly automated attacks and swarm technology becoming norm
Keeping up with swarm attacks, botnet reoccurrences or the latest ransomware attack is daunting for the most strategic or staffed security team. If caught off guard, any organisation can fall victim to the enormous amount of attacks at play today. 

To facilitate learning from what is happening in the wild, the intelligence included in the latest report offers views of the cyber threat landscape from many perspectives. It focuses on three central and complementary aspects of that landscape, namely application exploits, malicious software and botnets.

It also examines important zero-day vulnerabilities and infrastructure trends of the corresponding attack surface to add context about the trajectory of cyberattacks affecting organisations over time. 
nSeverity of attacks creates urgency: Seventy nine percent of firms saw severe attacks in 3Q 2017. Research data overall during the quarter quantified 5,973 unique exploit detections, 14,904 unique malware variants from 2,646 different malware families and 245 unique botnets detected. In addition, Fortinet identified 185 zero-day vulnerabilities to date this year.

nBotnet reoccurrence: Many organisations experienced the same botnet infections multiple times. This is an alarming data point. Either the organisations did not thoroughly understand the total scope of the breach and the botnet went dormant only to return again after business operations went back to normal or the root cause was never found and the organisation was reinfected with the same malware. 

• Swarming vulnerabilities: 

The exact application exploit used by attackers to breach Equifax was the most prevalent with 6,000+ unique detections recorded last quarter and it is once again the most prevalent this quarter. In fact, three exploits against the Apache Struts framework made the top 10 list of most prevalent. This is an example of how attackers swarm when they catch scent of widespread, vulnerable targets. 

• nMobile threats: One in four firms detected mobile malware. Four mobile malware-specific families stood out for the first time because of their prevalence. This is an indication that mobile is increasingly becoming a target and that the threats themselves are becoming automated and polymorphic. With holiday shopping season in full swing this trend is concerning as purchases from mobile devices will be frequent and Internet of things (IoT) devices will be popular gifts to be purchased.
• Pervasive and evasive malware: The most common functionality among top malware families was downloading, uploading and dropping malware onto infected systems. This behaviour helps slip malicious payloads through legacy defences by wrapping them in dynamic packaging. In addition, malware strains that establish remote access connections, capture user input and gather system information were common as well. These advanced techniques are becoming the norm recently and both data points demonstrate the increased intelligent and automated nature of malware today.
• Ransomware is always there: After a hiatus during the first half of the year, the Locky ransomware ramped up in a big way with three new campaigns. Roughly 10 percent of firms reported it. In addition, at least 22 percent of organisations detected some type of ransomware during the quarter.
• Cybercriminals target all sizes: Midsize firms saw higher rates of botnet infections, demonstrating that they deal with more than their fair share of security problems. Cybercriminals potentially view midsize organisations as a ‘sweet spot’ because often they do not have the same level of security resources and technologies as large enterprises but are seen as having valuable data assets. At the same time, the attack surface for midsize firms is growing at a fast pace because of their cloud adoption rates. 
• SCADA is critical: In addition to high-volume attacks like those against Apache Struts, some threats fly below the radar or have severe consequences that spillover beyond the organisation in which they occur. Among the exploits tracked that target various types of supervisory control and data access (SCADA) systems, only one crossed the 1/1,000 threshold of prevalence and none were observed by more than one percent of reporting firms. Unfortunately, enterprise network intrusions and outages are bad but breaches into SCADA environments put the physical infrastructure on which many lives depend at risk, demonstrating the importance of this statistic. 

Fight automated attacks with actionable intelligence and automated security 
The findings this quarter reinforce many of the predictions unveiled recently by the Fortinet FortiGuard Labs global research team for 2018. Both the trends and the threat data potentially foreshadow a wave of new types of attacks coming in the near future. The cybercrime community is already adept at leveraging advances in automation to create attacks exploiting vulnerabilities with increasingly malicious payloads capable of spreading at speed and scale.

Only a security framework that utilizes advanced threat intelligence sharing and an open architecture to tie security and networking components into a single, automated and proactive defence and response system can protect for the future. The ever-evolving attack surface requires the flexibility to quickly implement the latest security strategies and solutions with the ability to seamlessly add advanced techniques and technologies as they emerge, without throwing out the existing infrastructure.

As the volume, velocity and automation of attacks increase, it becomes important to align patching prioritization to what is happening in the wild to focus better on the most critical. In addition, organisations need to ensure that a strategic threat detection and incident-response strategy is in place that complements technology and intelligence to speed up the process.

Report methodology
The Fortinet Global Threat Landscape report is a quarterly view that represents the collective intelligence of FortiGuard Labs drawn from Fortinet’s vast array of sensors during 3Q 2017.  Research data covers global, regional, industry sector and organisational perspectives.